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间脑Telencephalon.ppt

间脑Telencephalon.ppt
PPT课件名称:间脑Telencephalon.ppt 时 间:2023-02-02 i d:10563 大 小:5.95 MB 贡 献 者:胡连成 格 式:.rar 点击下载
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间脑Telencephalon.ppt

  1张

  标题: Telencephalon

  副标题: 端 脑

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  标题: External feature

  正文: The telencephalon consists of right and left cerebral hemisphere, partially separated by cerebral longitudinal fissure 大脑纵裂. cerebral transverse fissure 大脑横裂.

  three surfaces: Superolateral 上外侧面, medial 内侧面 Inferior 下面.

  3张

  标题:

  Central sulcus 中央沟

  Lateral sulcus外侧沟

  Parietooccipital sulcus 顶枕沟

  Three sulci

  central sulcus 中央沟 lateral sulcus 外侧沟 parietooccipital sulcus顶枕沟

  4张

  Fronta lobe

  Parietal lobe

  Occipital lobe

  Temporal lobe

  frontal lobe 额叶 parietal lobe 顶叶 temporal lobe 颞叶 occipital lobe 枕叶 insular lobe 岛叶

  Insular lobe

  Five lobes

  (Gp:) preoccipital notch枕前切迹.

  (Gp:) Frontal pole 额极

  (Gp:) Temporal pole颞极

  (Gp:) Occipital pole 枕极

  5张

  标题: Sulci and gyri of Superolateral surface

  Precentral gyrus 中央前回

  (Gp:) Superior frontal sulcus 额上沟

  (Gp:) Inferior frontal sulcus 额下沟

  (Gp:) Superior,middle and inferioe frontal gyri 额上、中、下回

  Postcentral gyrus 中央后回

  Intraparietal sulcus 顶内沟

  Superior parietal lobule 顶上小叶

  Supramarginal gyrus缘上回

  Angular gyrus 角回

  (Gp:) Postcentral sulcus 中央后沟

  (Gp:) Precentral sulcus 中央前沟

  (Gp:) inferior parietal lobule 顶下小叶

  6张

  标题: Sulci and gyri of Superolateral surface

  Superior temporal sulcus 颞上沟

  Inferior temporal sulcus 颞下沟

  Superior temporal Gyrus 颞上回

  Middle temporal gyrus 颞中回

  Inferior temporal gyrus 颞下回

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  Transverse temporal gyri

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  标题: Medial surface

  Corpus callosum 胼胝体

  Callosal sulcus 胼胝体沟

  (Gp:) cingulate gyrus 扣带回

  Cingulate sulcus 扣带沟

  Marginal ramus 边缘支

  (Gp:) Paracentral lobule 中央旁小叶

  Calcarine sulcus 距状沟

  Cuneus 楔叶

  (Gp:) Parahippocampal gyrus 海马旁回

  (Gp:) Uncus 钩

  (Gp:) Dentate gyrus 齿状回

  (Gp:) Collateral sulcus 侧副沟

  (Gp:) Lingual gyrus舌回

  9张

  标题: Inferior surface

  Olfactory bulb 嗅球

  Olfactory tract 嗅束

  Olfactory trigone 嗅三角

  Anterior perforated substance 前穿质

  Occipitotemporal sulcus 枕颞沟

  Medial and lateral occipitotemporal gyri 枕颞内、外侧回

  10张

  Hippocampus 海马

  Dentate gyrus 齿状回

  Hippocampal formation 海马结构

  11张

  标题: Histology of the cerebral cortex

  正文: archicortex 原皮质 (hippocampal formation) paleocortex 旧皮质 (rhinencephalon ) neocortex 新皮质 (most of cerebral cortex):

  3 cell layers

  6 cell layers

  1.分子层 molecular layer 2.外颗粒层 external granular layer 3.外锥体层 external pyrammidal layer 4.内颗粒层internal granular layer 5,节细胞层 ganglionic layer 6.多形细胞层polymorphic layer

  12张

  标题: 1. Primary motor area 第I 躯体运动区

  正文: Located in precentral gyrus and anterior portion of paracentral lobule 中央前回和中央旁小叶前部

  Functional location of the cerebral cortex

  13张

  正文: Characters (1) The body is represented in the motor area as inverted, but head and face are upright (2) send out fibers to controll the voluntary movements of contralateral limbs. (3) the size of cortical area representing parts of the body is determined by the functional importance of the part.

  标题: 1. Primary motor area 第I 躯体运动区

  14张

  标题: 2. Primary somatic sensory area------ 第I 躯体感觉区

  正文: Lies in postcentral gyrus and posterior portion of paracentral lobule 中央后回和中央旁小叶后部。

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  Characters (1) The body is represented in the Sensory area as inverted, but head and face are upright (2) Receives sensations form the contralateral half of the body. (3) the size of cortical area for a parts of the body is determined by the functional importance of the part.

  16张

  标题: 3. Visual area 视区

  正文: Lie on either side of calcarine sulcus 距状沟上下方皮质 in medial surface of occipital lobe

  Visual area of one hemisphere receives optic impulse from temporal part of retina of same side and nasal part of opposite side.

  接受来自同侧视网膜颞侧半,对侧视网膜鼻侧半的视觉冲动。

  17张

  标题: 4. Auditory area 听区

  正文: Located in transverse gyri 颞横回 Receive auditory information from both ears

  18张

  正文: Vestibular area: located in front of superior temporal gyrus Olfactory area: located near the uncus Taste area: located at frontal operculum

  19张

  标题: Language area 语言中枢 it is dominant in left hemisphere in right-handed person

  Motor speech area 运动性语言中枢 (1) Located in posterior portion of inferior frontal gyrus 额下回后部 (Broca 区) (2) damage: motor aphasia 运动性失语

  Writing area 书写中枢 (1) Located in posterior portion of middle frontal gyrus 额中回后部 (2) Damage: agraphia 失写症

  20张

  正文: Visual speech area 视觉性语言中枢 (1) Located in angular gyrus 角回 (2) Lesion: alexia 失读症

  Auditory speech area 听觉性语言中枢 (1) Located in posterior portion of superior temporal gyrus (2) Lesion: sensory aphasia 感觉性失语

  21张

  标题: Ⅲ. Internal structures 1. lateral ventricle 侧脑室

  正文: a) Central part 中央部: lies in parietal lobe b) Anterior horn 前角: extends into frontal lobe c) Posterior horn 后角 extend into occipital lobe d) Inferior horn下角: extend into temporal lobe

  Position: located in cerebral hemispheres. Divided into 4 parts:

  22张

  标题: Ⅲ. Internal structures 1. lateral ventricle侧脑室

  Communication → interventricular foramen (室间孔)→ third ventricle

  23张

  标题: 2.Basal nuclei: deep within base of cerebral hemisphere

  正文:

  Neostriatum 新纹状体

  Corpus striatum 纹状体

  Paleostriatum 旧纹状体

  lentiform nucleus 豆状核

  Claustrum 屏状核 Amygdaloid body 杏仁体

  Caudate nucleus尾状核

  globus pallidus 苍白球 putamen 壳

  (Gp:) 杏仁体

  24张

  标题: 3.White matter -- cerebral medullary substance

  正文: Cerebral arcuate fibers 弓状纤维 Superior longitudinal fasciculus上纵束 inferior longitudinal fasciculus 下纵束 Uncinate fasciculus 钩束 Cingulum 扣带

  1. Association fibers 联络纤维

  run between gyri within the same hemisphere

  25张

  正文: 2. Commissural fibers 连合纤维: run between left and right hemisphere (1). Corpus callosum 胼胝体: rostrum, genu, trunk, splenium (2). Anterior commissure前连合

  White matter -- cerebral medullary substance

  26张

  Corpus callosum

  27张

  (3). Fornix 穹窿 and commissure of fornix 穹窿连合

  28张

  正文: 3. Projection fibers:投射纤维 connect cortex with lower part of brain and spinal cord and they include both ascending and descending fibers

  White matter -- cerebral medullary

  内囊

  Position a thick lamina of white matter lying between caudate nucleus, thalamus and lentiform Nucleus.

  ★ Internal capsule

  29张

  Lentiform nucleus

  Head of caudate nucleus

  Dorsal thalamus

  Division:

  The internal capsule may be divided into 3 parts Anterior limb 前肢: Genu 膝: Posterior limb 后肢:

  lie between the head of caudate nucleus and lentiform nucleus

  the junction of anterior and posterior limbs

  lie between the thalamus and lentiform nucleus

  30张

  Lentiform nucleus

  Head of caudate nucleus

  Dorsal thalamus

  Anterior limb 前肢

  Anterior thalamic radiation 丘脑前辐射 Frontopontine tract 额桥束

  31张

  Genu of internal capsule 内囊膝 .

  Containing: corticonuclear tract 皮质核束

  Lentiform nucleus

  Head of caudate nucleus

  Dorsal thalamus

  32张

  Posterior limb of internal capsule 内囊后肢 .

  May be divided into 3 parts thalamolentiform part丘脑豆状核部 sublentiform part 豆状核下部 retrolentiform part 豆状核后部

  The fibers Passing through the thalamolentiform part include Corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓束 Corticorubral tract 皮质红核束 Central thalamic radiations 丘脑中央辐射 Parietopontine tract

  33张

  Posterior limb of internal capsule 内囊后肢 .

  sublentiform part 豆状核下部 Acoustic radiation 听辐射 temporopontine tract 颞桥束

  retrolentiform part 豆状核后部 Optic radiation 视辐射 occipitopontine tract 枕桥束

  Optic radiation

  Acoustic radiation

  34张

  标题: Limbic system 边缘系统

  正文: Composition

  Limbic lobe 边缘 叶:include septal area 隔区, cingulate gyrus 扣带回, parahippocampal gyrus 海马旁回, hippocampus 海马, dentate gyrus齿状回, temporal pole 颞极, anterior part of insular lobe 岛叶前部 。

  35张

  36张

  标题: Limbic system 边缘系统

  Associated subcortical nuclei 皮质下结构: amygdaloid body杏仁体, septal nuclei 隔核, hypothalamus 下丘脑, epithalamus 上丘脑, anterior nucleus group of thalamus 丘脑前核, tegmentum of midbrain 中脑被盖.

  37张

  标题: Limbic system 边缘系统

  其他占位符: Function:

  concerned with visceral activities, olfaction, emotion and memory, so this system is called ‘visceral brain’ 内脏脑

  38张

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  Anterior thalamic radiation

  Frontopontine tract

  Lentiform nucleus

  Corticorubral tracy

  Parieto-occipito- temporo-pontine tract

  auditory radiation

  Optic radiation

  Head of caudate nucleus

  Corticonuclear tract

  Corticospinal tract

  Dorsal thalamus

  Central thalamic radiation

  Medial geniculate body

  Lateral geniculate body

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  43张

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