神经传导路(一).ppt
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标题: The nervous pathway神 经 传 导 路
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标题: 一、 Sensory Pathways
感觉传导通路
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标题:
proprioceptive and fine touch pathway of trunk and limbs 躯干四肢本体觉和精细触觉传导路
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Primary Neuron Cell bodies are located in the ganglion of spinal n. transmit sensory input from joint, muscle, tendon to the posterior funiculus of the spinal cord form the Fasciculus cuneatus and Fasciculus gracilis
标题:
1. proprioceptive and fine touch pathway of trunk and limbs
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Secondary Neuron Cell bodies are located in Nucleus gracilis and Nucleus cuneatus Send out fibers Cross to the opposite by decussation of medial lemniscus Ascends as medial lemniscus
Third Neuron cell bodis are located in the thalamus send out fibers to form central thalamic radiation project to the somatic sensory cortex
标题:
1. proprioceptive and fine touch pathway of trunk and limbs
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(Gp:) VPL nucleus
(Gp:) Fasciculus gracilis
(Gp:) Fasciculus cuneatus
(Gp:) Medial lemniscus
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(Gp:) Nucleus gracilis Nucleus cuneatus
(Gp:) Spinal ganglion
(Gp:) Decussation of medial lemniscus
(Gp:) central thalamic radiations
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1. proprioceptive and fine touch pathway of trunk and limbs
muscles,tendons,joints and periosteum
Peripheral processes
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ipsilateral posterior funiculus of spinal cord
(Gp:) II
Gracile nucleus cuneate nucleus
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supeior 2/3 of postcentral gyrus and posterior part of the paracentral lobule, Precentral gyrus
(Gp:) central thalamic radiations
(Gp:) Posterior limb of internal capsule
Spinal ganglion
Central processes
(Gp:) Decussation of medial lemniscus
(Gp:) medial lemniscus
ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL)
(Gp:) Fasciculus cuneatus (above T4)
(Gp:) Fasciculus gracilis (below T5)
Receptor for fine touch in skin
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标题: Pain,temperature and simple touch pathway of trunk and limbs 躯干四肢的痛温觉和粗略触觉传导通路
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(Gp:) spinal ganglia
(Gp:) Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅶ of posterior horn
(Gp:) spinothalamic tract
(Gp:) Spinal lemniscus
(Gp:) ventral posterolateral nucleus
(Gp:) central thalamic radiations
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Primary Neuron Cell bodies are located in the ganglion of spinal n. Relay sensory input from the periphery to the posterior horn of the spinal cord Synapses with the secondary neurons in the posterior horn of spinal cord
标题: Pain,temperature and simple touch pathway of trunk and limbs 躯干四肢的痛温觉和粗略触觉传导通路
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Secondary Neuron located in the Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅶ of posterior horn of spinal cord Send out fibers cross to the opposite side through the anterior white commissures and form the spinothalamic tract
Third Neuron the third neurons located in the thalamus send out fibers to form central thalamic radiation project to the somatic sensory cortex
标题: Pain,temperature and simple touch pathway of trunk and limbs躯干四肢的痛温觉和粗略触觉传导通路
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Peripheral processes
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supeior 2/3 of posterior gyrus and posterior part of the paracentral lobule
(Gp:) central thalamic radiations
(Gp:) Posterior limb of internal capsule
Spinal ganglion
(Gp:) Central processes
(Gp:) Posterior root
ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL)
Skin exteroceptor
Pain,temperature and simple touch pathway of trunk and limbs 躯干四肢的痛温觉和粗略触觉传导通路
Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅶ of posterior horn
lateral spinothalamic tract (pain and temperature)
anterior spinothalamic tract (simple touch)
Ascending 1 - 2 segments
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标题: Pain, temperature and simple touch pathway of head and face 头面部痛温觉和粗略触觉传导通路
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(Gp:) trigeminal ganglion
(Gp:) pontine nucleus of trigeminal n
(Gp:) spinal nucleus of trigeminal n.
(Gp:) Spinal tract of trigeminal n.
(Gp:) trigeminal lemniscus
(Gp:) ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM)
(Gp:) central thalamic radiations
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Peripheral processes
inferior 1/3 of posterior gyrus
(Gp:) central thalamic radiations
(Gp:) Posterior limb of internal capsule
Central processes
ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM)
Skin and mucosa of head and face
Pain,temperature and simple touch pathway of head and face 头面部痛温觉和粗略触觉传导通路
trigeminal ganglion
Trigeminal n.
Root of trigeminal n.
pontine nucleus of trigeminal n.
spinal nucleus of trigeminal n.
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trigeminal lemniscus
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I
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标题: 2.非意识性本体感觉传导路
感受器receptor
肌腱 骨膜 关节
脊神经
(周围突)
脊神经节
第1级神经元
后根
中枢突
胸核(C8-L2) 、腰骶膨大Ⅴ—Ⅶ (躯干和下肢), 颈膨大Ⅵ—Ⅶ层(上肢.颈部)
第2级神经元
脊髓小脑后束、前束
经小脑下、上脚
cortex of paleocerebellum 旧小脑皮质
Spinal ganglion
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标题: (三)visual pathway 视觉传导路:
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receptor
cone cell rod cell
bipolar cell
Lateral geniculate body
Optic Radiation
Both banks of calcarine sulcus
(Gp:) Optic n.
(Gp:) Optic chiasma
ganglion cell
(Gp:) Decussation of fibers from nasal halves of retina
(Gp:) Fibers from temporal halves of retina uncrossed
(Gp:) Optic tract
(三)visual pathway 视觉传导路
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损伤及表现:
①视神经损伤:
同侧盲
②视交叉中部损伤:
双颞侧偏盲
③视交叉外侧部损伤:
同侧眼鼻侧半偏盲
④视束、外侧膝状体、视辐射、视中枢损伤:
双眼对侧同向性偏盲
Blindness of eye of corresponding side
bitemporal hemianopia of visual field
Blindness in nasal half of visual field of corresponding side
Homonymous hemianopia of visual field in both eye
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(Gp:) Pretectal region
标题: 2. pupillary reflexes瞳孔对光反射
retina
Optic n.
Optic chiasma
Optic tract
Brachium of superior colliculus
Pretectal region
accessory nuclei of III
Oculumotot n.
Ciliary ganglion 睫状神经节
Postganglionic fibers节后纤维
Sphincter pupillae
Contraction of pupil
(Gp:) E-W nucleus
(Gp:) Ciliary ganglion
(Gp:) Oculumotot n.
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标题: 2. pupillary reflexes瞳孔对光反射:
损伤及表现: ①视神经损伤: 患侧瞳孔直接对光反射消失 患侧瞳孔间接对光反射存在
②动眼神经损伤: 患侧瞳孔直接对光反射消失 患侧瞳孔间接对光反射消失
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标题: The acoustic(auditory) pathway 听觉传导路
(Gp:) cochlear ganglion
(Gp:) Spiral organ
(Gp:) cochlear nuclei
(Gp:) medial geniculate body
(Gp:) inferior colliculus
(Gp:) acoustic radiation
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The acoustic(auditory) pathway 听觉传导路
Spiral organ
cochlear ganglion
Cochlear nerve
cochlear nuclei
Trapezoid body
inferior colliculus
medial geniculate body
acoustic radiation
transverse temporal gyri
Posterior limb of internal capsule
Lateral lemniscus
Brachium of inferior colliculus
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(Gp:) VPL nucleus
(Gp:) Fasciculus gracilis
(Gp:) Fasciculus cuneatus
(Gp:) Medial lemniscus
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(Gp:) Nucleus gracilis Nucleus cuneatus
(Gp:) Spinal ganglion
(Gp:) Decussation of medial lemniscus
(Gp:) central thalamic radiations
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(Gp:) spinal ganglia
(Gp:) Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅶ of posterior horn
(Gp:) spinothalamic tract
(Gp:) Spinal lemniscus
(Gp:) ventral posterolateral nucleus
(Gp:) central thalamic radiations
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