专注提供医学课件PPT幻灯片素材下载

网站使用问题请加Q1615251280及时解决,谢谢。

当前位置:首页 > 消化内科 > 内脏学总论.ppt

内脏学总论.ppt

内脏学总论.ppt
PPT课件名称:内脏学总论.ppt 时 间:2023-02-02 i d:10577 大 小:10.74 MB 贡 献 者:溪水遥远aa 格 式:.rar 点击下载
注意:ppt文件打包为rar压缩包格式,请用解压缩软件(例如WinRAR)打开,若无法正常下载使用请加客服QQ客服1615251280解决。
内脏学总论.ppt

  1张

  其他占位符: 1

  标题: PART Ⅱ SPLANCHOLOGY

  副标题: 内脏学

  2张

  其他占位符: 2

  标题: Chapter 1 General description 总 论

  副标题: Splanchnology includes alimentary system 消化系统, respiratory system 呼吸系统, urinary system 泌尿系统 genital system 生殖系统

  3张

  其他占位符: 3

  标题: Ⅰ.General structure of viscera

  正文: The organs of viscera may be divided into two types according to their general structures: hollow organs(中空性器官) ; parenchymatous organs(实质性器官)

  4张

  其他占位符: 4

  标题: Ⅰ.General structure of viscera

  正文: 1. Hollow organs中空性器官 The wall of these organs consists of three or four layers of different tissues. (1)mucosa 黏膜; (2)submucosa 黏膜下层; (3)muscular layer 肌层; (4)adventitia 外膜

  5张

  其他占位符: 5

  标题: Ⅰ.General structure of viscera

  正文: (1) This kind of organs are commonly enclose by thin fibrous capsule纤维囊 and divided into manyunits known as lobules小叶; (2) Hilum or porta 门: a somewhat depression or slit on the surface of organ, where the blood vessle, nerve and lymphatic enter or leave the organ.

  2. Parenchymatous organs实质性器官

  Porta hepatis肝门

  6张

  其他占位符: 6

  一、 The reference line of thorax 胸部的标志线

  Anterior median line 前正中线 Lateral sternal line 胸骨线 Midclavicular line 锁骨中线 Parasternal line 胸骨旁线 Anterior axillary line 腋前线 Midaxillary line 腋中线 Posterior axillary line 腋后线 Scapular line 肩胛线 Posterior median line 后正中线

  标题: Ⅱ The reference line of thorax and abdominal region

  7张

  其他占位符: 7

  transtubercular line

  subcostal line

  midinguinal line

  Nine-area method 九分法 Reference line: transtubercular line 结节间线 subcostal line 肋下线 midinguinal line 腹股沟中线

  Nine regions Epigastric region 腹上区 Umbilical region 脐区 Hypogastric region 腹下区 Right and left hypochondriac region 左右季肋区 lateral region(lumbar region) 外侧区(腰区) inguinal region(iliac region) 腹股沟区(髂区)

  标题: 二、Abdonminal regions 腹部分区

  8张

  其他占位符: 8

  2. Quadrants 四分法 The quadrants is made by the planes, a transverse and a vertical,which pass through the umbilicus and intersec at right angle,so the abdomen is divided into four quadrants:

  Upper right quadrant(RUQ)右上腹 Upper left quadrant(LUQ)左上腹 Lower right quadrant(RLQ)右下腹 Lower left quadrant(LLQ)左下腹

  RUQ

  LUQ

  LLQ

  RLQ

  标题: 二、Abdonminal regions 腹部分区

  9张

  其他占位符: 9

  标题: Chapter 2. alimentary system 消 化 系 统

  10张

  其他占位符: 10

  Mouth 口腔 Pharynx 咽 Esophagus 食管 Stomach 胃 Small intestine 小肠 Large intestine 大肠

  Digestive glands 消化腺

  Superior digestive tube 上消化道

  Inferior digestive tube 下消化道

  Major salivary glands 大唾液腺 Liver 肝 Pancreas 胰

  Function: ingestion, digestion, absorption, egesting

  Digestive tube 消化管

  (Gp:) Duodenum 十二指肠

  (Gp:) Jejunum 空肠

  (Gp:) Ileum 回肠

  Cecum 盲肠, Vermiform appendix 阑尾、 Colon 结肠,rectum直肠、Anal canal 肛管

  标题: Composition

  11张

  其他占位符: 11

  一、 oral cavity 口腔

  (二)cheek 颊

  (三)palate 腭

  Hard palate 硬腭

  Soft palate 软腭

  Uvula 腭垂

  palatine Velum 腭帆

  Palatoglossal arch腭舌弓

  Palatopharyngeal arch腭咽弓

  (Gp:) 硬腭

  (Gp:) 软腭

  (Gp:) 腭垂

  (Gp:) 腭舌弓

  (Gp:) 腭咽弓

  (一)oral lips 口唇: oral fissure 口裂

  oral vestibule 口腔前庭 oral cavity proper 固有口腔

  借上下牙弓分为:

  标题: 第一节 alimentary canal 消化管

  12张

  其他占位符: 12

  (Gp:) 腭垂

  Uvula 腭垂

  Palatoglossal arch 腭舌弓

  Root of tongue 舌根

  Free border of soft palatine

  标题: Isthmus of fauces 咽峡

  13张

  其他占位符: 13

  1、shape of teeth

  Crown 牙冠:

  Projecting above the gum and to be seen ;

  Root 牙根:

  In the jaw.

  Neck 牙颈:

  Between the crown and root and covered by gum;

  每个牙根有apical foramen根尖孔

  (Gp:) apical foramen

  (Gp:) root canal

  (Gp:) 牙龈

  (Gp:) pulp chamber

  pulp chamber牙冠腔。

  root canal牙根管

  牙根管与牙冠腔合称牙腔dental cavity或 髓腔pulp cavity,contains dental pulp 牙髓 。

  标题: (四)teeth 牙

  14张

  其他占位符: 14

  2、the structure of the teeth:

  3、periodontal tissues 牙周组织: 包括

  (Gp:) Dentine

  (Gp:) Enamel

  (Gp:) Cement

  (Gp:) Gingiva

  (Gp:) alveolar bone

  (Gp:) periodontal menbrane

  (Gp:) periodontal menbrane 牙周膜、 alveolar bone 牙槽骨、 Gingiva 牙龈

  (Gp:) Dentine 牙质、 Enamel 釉质、 Cement 牙骨质、 dental pulp 牙髓

  (Gp:) dental pulp

  标题: (四)teeth 牙

  15张

  其他占位符: 15

  (1)kinds of teeth

  deciduous teeth 乳牙:20 permanent teeth 恒牙: 28-32

  标题: 4、牙的种类和排列

  16张

  其他占位符: 16

  Upper jaw Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Lower jaw

  Ten teeth in each mandibular and maxillary arch Central incisor 中切牙, lateral incisor 侧切牙, canine 尖牙, first molar 第一磨牙 and second molar 第二磨牙 in each quadrant

  (Gp:) lateral incisor

  (Gp:) canine

  (Gp:) first molar

  (Gp:) second molar

  (Gp:) Central incisor

  标题: Deciduous teeth 乳牙: 20 in number

  17张

  其他占位符: 17

  Sixteen in each mandibular and maxillary arch Two incisors( Central incisor 中切牙, lateral incisor 侧切牙) one canine, two premolars (first and secon premolarmolar) three molars( first ,second and third molar) Upper jaw 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Lower jaw 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

  (Gp:) 5

  (Gp:) Ⅲ

  表示左上颌第二前磨牙

  表示右下颌第三颗乳牙-乳尖牙

  标题: Permanent teeth (adult) 恒牙: 32 in number

  18张

  其他占位符: 18

  1、shape of tongue

  2、 Lingual mucous membrane 舌粘膜

  (1) papillae of tongue 舌乳头

  filiform papillae 丝状乳头 fungiform papillae 菌状乳头 foliate papillae 叶状乳头 vallate papillae 轮廓乳头

  (2) lingual tonsil 舌扁桃体

  舌根背部粘膜内,由淋巴组织组成的突起。

  (Gp:) Terminal sulcus

  (Gp:) 舌盲孔

  (Gp:) filiform papillae

  (Gp:) fungiform papillae

  (Gp:) foliate papillae

  (Gp:) vallate papillae

  (Gp:) lingual tonsil

  superrior(dorsum of tongue 舌背) Inferior 下面

  Body 舌体 Root 舌根

  Apex 舌尖

  标题: (五) tongue 舌

  19张

  其他占位符: 19

  (Gp:) Frenulum of tongue舌系带

  (Gp:) 下颌下腺管及舌下腺大管开口

  (Gp:) Sublingual gland舌下腺

  (Gp:) sublingual caruncle 舌下阜

  (Gp:) sublingual fold 舌下襞

  标题: 2)舌下面

  20张

  其他占位符: 20

  intrinsic muscles 舌固有肌

  extrinsic muscles 舌外肌

  Longitudinal m.纵肌

  Transverse m.横肌

  Vertical m.垂直肌

  genioglossus 颏舌肌

  Actions: 两侧同时收缩,伸舌(protrude the tongue);单侧收缩,伸舌时舌尖偏向对侧。

  (Gp:) 上纵肌

  (Gp:) 舌垂直肌

  (Gp:) 下纵肌

  (Gp:) 颏舌肌

  (Gp:) 舌横肌

  (Gp:) 舌垂直肌

  Origin: mental spine of mandible; Insertion: 舌的中线两侧。

  标题: 3、 Muscles of tongue 舌肌

  21张

  其他占位符: 21

  Minor salivary glands 小唾液腺

  :唇腺、颊腺、腭腺和舌腺等

  Major salivary glands 大唾液腺

  1、 parotid gland 腮腺

  Deep part 深部

  Superficial part 浅部:

  parotid duct 腮腺管 passes forwards across masseter m. and then turns inwards passing through the buccinator m.颊肌 to open upon a small papilla on the cheek mucous membrane opposite the crown of the second upper molar tooth 开口于与上颌第二磨牙牙冠相对的颊粘膜上

  腮腺

  masseter

  (Gp:) buccinator

  (Gp:) parotid duct

  包括: parotid gland、 submandibular gland和sublingual gland舌下腺

  标题: (六) Salivary glands 口腔腺

  22张

  其他占位符: 22

  3、 sublingual gland 舌下腺

  下颌下腺

  (Gp:) 舌下襞

  major sublingual duct--- sublingual caruncle舌下阜 minor sublingual duct— sublingual fold 舌下襞

  Lies in the submandibular triangle 颌下三角内,its duct opens into the sublingual caruncle 舌下阜

  标题: 2、 submandibular gland 下颌下腺

  23张

  其他占位符: 23

  (一) nasopharynx

  介于颅底与腭帆后缘平面之间,与鼻腔相通。

  咽扁桃体pharyngeal tonsil.

  咽鼓管咽口pharyngeal opening of auditory tube,距下鼻甲后端约1cm,通中耳鼓室。

  咽鼓管圆枕tubal torus、 咽隐窝pharyngeal recess

  咽腔分别以软腭与会厌上缘为界,分为: nasopharynx 鼻咽、 oropharynx 口咽 laryngopharynx 喉咽

  (Gp:) 咽鼓管咽口

  (Gp:) 咽鼓管圆枕

  (Gp:) 咽隐窝

  标题: 二、 pharanx 咽

  24张

  其他占位符: 24

  介于腭帆后缘至会厌上缘平面之间,经咽峡isthmus of fauces与口腔相通

  Anterior wall : 舌根后部

  median glossoepiglotic fold 舌会厌正中襞 epiglottic vallecula 会厌谷

  Lateral wall:

  palatine tonsil腭扁桃体 tonsillar fossa扁桃体窝

  (Gp:) 舌会厌正中襞

  (Gp:) 会厌谷

  标题: (二) oropharynx 口咽

  25张

  其他占位符: 25

  pharyngeal tonsile 咽扁桃体、 tubal tonsile 咽鼓管扁桃体、 palatine tonsile 腭扁桃体 lingual tonsile 舌扁桃体,

  Functuion: defend and protection

  标题: tonsillar ring of pharynx 咽淋巴环

  26张

  其他占位符: 26

  位于会厌上缘至第六颈椎体下缘平面之间,经喉口与喉腔相通。

  piriform recess 梨状隐窝 :

  喉的两侧和甲状软骨内 面之间的粘膜下陷形成。

  标题: (三) laryngopharynx 喉咽

  27张

  其他占位符: 27

  (一)position and division

  (二)narrows of the esophagus:

  position distance from middle inscior first beginning 15cm second front of left branchi 25cm third esophageal hiatus 40cm

  three parts: Cervical parts:5cm; Thoracic parts: 18-20 cm; Abdominal parts:only 1-2cm.

  three narrows:

  标题: 三、 Esophagus 食管

  28张

  其他占位符: 28

  胃是消化管最膨大的部分,上连食管,下续十二指肠。

  (一)position

  (Gp:) cardia

  (Gp:) pylorus

  mostly lies in the left hypochondriac region左季肋区 and lesser part lie in the epigastric region 腹上区 .

  (二)shape and division

  shape:胃有上下两口、前后两壁和大小两弯。

  Cardia 贲门

  Pylorus 幽门

  Two opening :

  标题: 四、 Stomach 胃

  29张

  其他占位符: 29

  Two wall Anterior wall Posterior wall

  4 parts: cardiac part 贲门; fundus of stomach 胃底, body of stomach 胃体;

  Pyloric canal

  pyloric part 幽门部

  (Gp:) Pyloric canal 幽门管

  (Gp:) Pyloric antrum 幽门窦

  (Gp:) fundus of stomach

  body of stomach

  (Gp:) cardiac part

  (Gp:) Lesser curvature of stomach

  (Gp:) Greater curvature of stomach

  标题: Two curvature Lesser curvature of stomach 胃小弯 Greater curvature of stomach 胃大弯

  30张

  其他占位符: 30

  (Gp:) Cardia

  (Gp:) pylorus

  Lesser curvature

  Greater curvature

  贲门切迹

  (Gp:) fundus

  body

  Pyloric part 幽门部

  Pyloric antrum

  Pyloric canal

  31张

  其他占位符: 31

  -consists of four layers Mucous membrane 黏膜 Submucous 黏膜下层( loose areolar tissue connecting the mucous and muscular layer) Muscular layer 肌层: contains superficial longitudinal frbres middle circular fibres Sphincter of pylorus 幽门括约肌 Pyloric valve 幽门瓣 Inner oblique fibres Serous (visceral peritoneum) 浆膜层

  标题: Structure of stomach wall

  32张

  其他占位符: 32

  (一)duodenum 十二指肠

  1、superior part

  十二指肠上曲 superior duodenal flexure 十二指肠球部 duodenal bulb

  About 5-7m long, Divided into Duodenum 十二指肠 Jejunum 空肠 Ilium 回肠

  标题: 五、small intestine 小肠

  33张

  其他占位符: 33

  3、horizontal part 水平部

  4、ascending part 升部

  suspensory lig.of duodenum 十二指肠悬韧带: 又称Treitz 韧带,,是辨认 空肠起端的标志。

  duodenojejunal flexure 十二指肠空肠曲

  inferior duodenal flexure 十二指肠下曲

  Major duodenal papilla 十二指肠大乳头

  longitudinal fold of duodenum 十二指肠纵襞

  标题: 2、descending part 降部

  34张

  其他占位符: 34

  标题: Jejunum 空肠 and ilium 回肠

  The jejunum and ileum lies free in the abdomen. They are attached to the posterior abdominal wall by the mesentery 系肠膜.

  Their total length is approximately 5~7 metres, The upper 2/5 of it is called jejunum空肠 and lower 3/5 is called ileum回肠.the terminal part of the ileum open to the large intestine。

  35张

  其他占位符: 35

  标题: Jejunum and ileum

  36张

  其他占位符: 36

  Approximately 1.5m long, Five parts: Cecum 盲肠 Vermiform appendix 阑尾 Colon 结肠 Rectum 直肠 Canal 肛管

  标题: 六、 large intestine 大肠

  37张

  其他占位符: 37

  colic bands 结肠带

  由肠壁的纵行肌增厚而成,有3条,汇集于阑尾根部。

  haustra of colon 结肠袋

  epiploic appendices 肠脂垂

  两袋之间为横沟,结肠内面,相当于横沟处,环形肌增厚,形成结肠半月襞。

  colic bands

  haustra of colon

  epiploic appendices

  结肠半月襞

  标题: Features:

  38张

  其他占位符: 38

  first part of large intestine, Lies in right iliac fossa

  The ilium enters the cecum obliquely, and partially invaginates into it, forming the ileocecal valve回盲瓣-consists of two folds.

  ileocecal valve

  标题: (一)Cecum盲肠

  39张

  其他占位符: 39

  阑尾孔

  阑尾

  is a narrow blind tube, usually 6 ~ 8cm long. It opens into the caecum 盲肠。 position: very variable in position, frequently lies in the retrocaecal recess盲肠后窝 or extend into the lesser pelvis小骨盆.

  标题: (二)vermiform appendix 阑尾

  40张

  其他占位符: 40

  The surface projection (McBurney’s point) of the base of appendix 阑尾体表投影 : is the junction of the lateral and middle thirds of the line joining the right anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus 脐.

  The base of the appendix lies at the point of convergence of three colic bands (used as a guide to find the appendix during operation)

  标题: Appendix 阑尾

  41张

  其他占位符: 41

  在右髂窝内续于cecum盲肠,在第3骶椎平面连接rectum直肠,呈“M”形包围小肠,

  1、asccending colon升结肠 2、transverse colon 横结肠 3、descending colon 降结肠 4、sigmoid colon 乙状结肠

  right colic flexure结肠右曲

  left colic flexure结肠左曲

  由横结肠系膜连于腹后壁,活动度较大。

  借乙状结肠系膜连于骨盆侧壁,活动度较大。

  标题: (三)colon 结肠

  42张

  其他占位符: 42

  位于小骨盆腔的后部、骶骨的前方

  Sacral flexure of rectum 骶曲

  Perineal flexure of rectum 会阴曲

  1、position:

  2、 Two flexure

  3、ampulla 直肠壶腹

  4. three transverse folds of rectum 直肠横襞,中间的直肠横襞最大,位置 最恒定,位于直肠右壁,距肛门约7cm。

  骶曲

  会阴曲

  直肠壶腹

  直肠横襞

  肛管

  直肠壶腹

  标题: (四) rectum 直肠

  43张

  其他占位符: 43

  1、position:

  上端在盆膈平面接直肠,下端终于anus肛门,长约4cm。

  (Gp:) 肛柱

  (Gp:) 肛瓣

  (Gp:) 肛窦

  (Gp:) 肛梳

  (Gp:) 白线

  2、struture: anal columns 肛柱 anal valves 肛瓣 anal sinus 肛窦 Dentate line 齿状线 anal pecten 肛梳(痔环)

  标题: (五)anal canal 肛管

  44张

  其他占位符: 44

  3、sphincters of anus 肛门括约肌

  (Gp:) Sphincter ani internus 肛门内括约肌

  (Gp:) Sphincter ani externus 肛门外括约肌

  Anorectal ring 肛直肠环:由肛门外括约肌浅深部、直肠纵肌下份、肛内括约肌以及肛提肌等组成。

  标题: (五)anal canal 肛管

  45张

  其他占位符: 45

  The liver is divided into a large right lobe右叶 and a small left lobe 左叶 by the falciform ligament 镰状韧带 which is attached to the superior surface of the liver to the anterior abdominal wall.

  right lobe

  left lobe

  (Gp:) 镰状韧带

  标题: liver 肝 The liver is the largest digestive gland, lies mainly in the right hypochondrium and epigastric region of the abdominal cavity below the right half of the diaphragm, lesser part of it lies in the left hypochondrium region ..

  46张

  其他占位符: 46

  superior surface is smooth and curved, and fits into the diagphragm. at the posterior part of the surface ,A large part of which is not covered by the peritonium is called the bare area 肝裸区.

  标题: superior surface (diaphragmatic surface)上面或膈面

  47张

  其他占位符: 47

  标题: inferior surface(visceral surface)下面或 脏面

  正文: There are 3 fissures arranged like “H”:

  left longitudinal fissure 左纵沟

  right longitudinal fissure 右纵沟

  transverse sulcus—porta hepatis 肝门

  48张

  其他占位符: 48

  right longitudinal fissure

  (Gp:) 左纵沟

  (Gp:) ant: Fissure for ligamentum teres 肝圆韧带裂 post: Fissure for ligamentum venosum 静脉韧 带裂

  (Gp:) 右纵沟

  (Gp:) Ant: fossa for gall-bladde 胆囊窝 Post: sulcue for inferior vena cava 腔静脉沟

  标题: left longitudinal fissure

  49张

  其他占位符: 49

  正文: right and left branches of the hepatic artery 肝固有动脉左右支 right and left hepatic ducts 肝左右管 hepatic portal vein 肝门静脉左右支 lymphatics 淋巴管 Nerves 神经 supplying the liver.

  contains

  The structures passing through the porta hepatis is inclosed by connective tissues form the Hepatic padicle 肝蒂

  标题: porta hepatis 肝门

  50张

  其他占位符: 50

  Anterior (inferior) margin 前缘: is sharp, posterior marge 后缘: Right margin 右缘 Lfet margin 左缘

  The fundus of the Gallbladder 胆囊底 Protude below the Inferior margin of the Liver at the notch for Gallbladde 胆囊切迹.

  标题: The liver has 4 borders:

  51张

  其他占位符: 51

  正文: left lobe 左叶. Left to the left longitudinal fissure right lobe 右叶. right to right longitudinal fissure caudate lobe 尾状叶. Behint the porta hepatis quadrate lobe 方叶. anterior to the porta hepatis

  左叶

  右叶

  方叶

  尾状叶.

  标题: In the inferior surface, the liver may be divided into 4 lobes:

  52张

  其他占位符: 52

  Upper border: on the right midclavicular line it extends to the level of 5th rib Lower border: Normally, the right lobe extends just beneath the costal margin, it doesn’t down beyond the costal margin; on the anterior median line its lower border crosses a point about 3~5cm below the xiphoid process. In children, the liver may extends 1.5- 2cm below the costal arch.

  标题: Surface projection of the liver

  53张

  其他占位符: 53

  标题: The gallbladder and biliary ducts

  It consists of the fundus底, body体, neck 颈, and the duct of gallbladder胆囊管 4 parts. the fundus is the expanded anterior end of the organ and protruds below the inferior margin of the liver, it lies behind the point where the lateral margin of the right rectus abdominis meets the costal arch.

  1、The gallbladder 胆囊

  54张

  其他占位符: 54

  body of gallbladder :胆囊体 neck of gallbladder :胆囊颈

  the cystic duct胆囊管 is about 2cm in length, it joins the common hepatic duct to form the common bile duct.

  55张

  其他占位符: 55

  Common bile duct 胆总管

  The common bile duct descends first in the hepatoduodenal ligament 肝十二指肠韧带, and then posterior to the superior part of the duodenum and the head of the pancreas胰头. It enters the the descending part of the duodenum at its middle and open into its lumen via the greater duodenal papilla 十二肠大乳头. The pancreatic duct胰管 joins it during its passage through the duodenal wall to form the ampulla, which is called hepatopancreatic ampulla (of Vater)肝胰壶腹.

  56张

  其他占位符: 56

  sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla 肝胰壶腹括约肌

  The sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla 肝胰壶腹括约肌 (Odis 括约肌) is layer circular muscle surrounding the ampulla of hepatopancreatic ampulla, it controls the flow of bile and pancreatic secretions into the duodenum.

  Obstruction of the biliary system results in the clinic condition of jaundice (yellow skin) 黄疸.

  57张

  其他占位符: 57

  标题: Pancreas 胰

  Division: It may be divided into head, neck, body and tail 4 parts. head 胰头 lies in the concavity of the duodenum, anterior to the inferior vana cava. its inferomedial extension is clled uncinate process钩突.

  Position: lies behind the peritoneum腹膜 on the upper part of the posterior abdominal wall, roughly at the level of the L1~L2 vertebra.

  58张

  其他占位符: 58

  标题: pancreas 胰

  Pancreatic ducts 胰管 it begins in the tail, runs through the body ,neck and the head, usually it joins the common bile duct as it pierces the duodenal wall.

  body 胰体 lies anterior to the abdominal aorta and the left kidney, behind the stomach. tail 胰尾 may reach the hilus of the spleen.

  Accessory pancreatic duct 副胰管

  十二肠小乳头

  59张

  其他占位符: 59

  标题: The function of the pancreas

  正文: The pancreas has both exocrine外分泌 and endocrine内分泌 function. The exocrine part secretes a number of the different enzymes that break down proteins, carbohydrates,and fats. The endocrine part consists of minute islands(islets) 胰岛of cells which secretes insulin胰岛素 directly into the blood stream for the control of blood sugar level.

  60张

  其他占位符: 60

  Bile is secreted by the liver cells

  Common hepatic duct

  when taking food, the gallbladder contracts, the sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla relax

  Common bile duct

  Major duodenal papilla

  Biliary ductuli

  Right and left hepatic ducts

  Gallbladder (store, concentrate)

  Cystic duct

  标题: The place of bile secreted and path of bile discharged

  61张

  其他占位符: 61

  62张

  63张

  其他占位符: 63

  64张

  其他占位符: 64

  65张

  其他占位符: 65

  66张

  其他占位符: 66

  67张

  其他占位符: 67

  68张

  其他占位符: 68

  69张

  其他占位符: 69

  70张

  其他占位符: 70

  71张

  其他占位符: 71

  72张

  其他占位符: 72

  73张

  其他占位符: 73

  74张

  其他占位符: 74

  75张

  其他占位符: 75

  76张

  其他占位符: 76

  77张

  其他占位符: 77

  78张

  其他占位符: 78

  79张

  其他占位符: 79

  80张

  其他占位符: 80

  81张

  其他占位符: 81

  82张

  其他占位符: 82

  (Gp:) Cardia

  (Gp:) pylorus

  (Gp:) Lesser curvature

  (Gp:) Greater curvature

  贲门切迹

  (Gp:) fundus

  body

  Pyloric part 幽门部

  Pyloric antrum

  Pyloric canal

  83张

  其他占位符: 83

注意:本内容由网友上传,仅供学习交流使用,严禁临床等其它用途,否则后果自负。
邮箱
昵称
密码
确认密码
-->